To prevent graft spasm in a patient who received a radial artery graft, which medication is typically administered?

To prevent graft spasm in a patient who has received a radial artery graft, the administration of nitrates or calcium channel blockers is effectively utilized. Nitrates work by promoting vasodilation and reducing vascular resistance, which helps to relieve any potential spasm that could occur in the graft. Similarly, calcium channel blockers prevent calcium from entering the smooth muscle cells of the vasculature, leading to relaxation and dilation of the blood vessels. This combination of effects significantly reduces the risk of graft spasm, which is critical for ensuring the patency and success of the graft.

In the context of this situation, beta blockers do not specifically target graft spasm; their primary role is in managing heart rate and blood pressure rather than preventing vascular smooth muscle contraction. Anticoagulants are concerned with preventing clot formation rather than addressing spasm and would not be effective in this context. Diuretics primarily manage fluid balance and are not indicated for spasm prevention either. Therefore, the use of nitrates or calcium channel blockers is the most appropriate approach to manage and prevent graft spasm following a radial artery graft.