What is the most common postoperative arrhythmia following cardiac surgery?

Atrial fibrillation is indeed the most common postoperative arrhythmia observed after cardiac surgery. Its occurrence can be attributed to several physiological changes that take place during and after the surgical procedure. Factors such as acute stress response, electrolyte imbalances, inflammation, and manipulation of the heart and surrounding structures during surgery contribute to the development of atrial fibrillation.

The incidence of atrial fibrillation can vary widely, with studies reporting rates as high as 30-50% in certain patient populations undergoing procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting or valvular surgeries. This arrhythmia often manifests within a few days following surgery and can lead to complications such as hemodynamic instability, increased risk of stroke, and prolonged hospital stays, highlighting the importance of monitoring and managing this condition postoperatively.

In contrast, while the other arrhythmias mentioned may occur after cardiac surgery, they are generally less common and often associated with specific conditions or complications. This delineates atrial fibrillation as a particularly prevalent entity among postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Recognizing the commonality of this arrhythmia allows healthcare providers to anticipate and effectively manage it in the postoperative setting.